ORIGINAL PAPER
Bioleaching using Acidithiobacillus Thiooxidans – an option for element recovery from highly alkaline waste incineration ash?
1
Jagiellonian University
2
AGH University of Science and Technology
Submission date: 2022-04-10
Final revision date: 2022-06-01
Acceptance date: 2022-08-06
Publication date: 2022-09-30
Gospodarka Surowcami Mineralnymi – Mineral Resources Management 2022;38(3):105-120
KEYWORDS
bioleachingAcidithiobacillus thiooxidanssewage-sludge incineration ashmunicipal-waste incineration ashwaste resources
TOPICS
Impact of mineral raw materials industries on the environmentWaste management from extractive industriesUtilization of recycled mineral raw materials and substitutes
ABSTRACT
Bioleaching research considers both the bio- and anthroposphere in the search for novel ways to recover resources and elements, which is important to the concept of sustainable development. Since the efficient, cost-effective and simple recovery of resources is of increasing importance in the circular economy model, the bioleaching of metals is a method currently gaining interest. The process is also of importance considering the need for the neutralization of waste materials/resources that allow for their safe storage and use. In this study, Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans bacteria, which is commonly found and widely utilized in the bioleaching process due to its high tolerance to heavy metals, was used in a twenty-eight-day experiment. The manner in which bacteria inhabit incineration residues was observed using fluorescence optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The concentration of elements in incineration residues and in the post-reaction solutions was measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and the efficiency of element recovery was calculated based on the results. Municipal waste incineration bottom ash and sewage sludge incineration fly ash were considered in the experiment. The extraction rates were far from satisfactory, with the average 20 and 50% for bottom ash and sewage sludge ash, respectively. The obtained results were consistent with microscopic observations where the relative number of bacteria increased only slightly over time in the sewage-sludge fly ash and was barely observed in the bottom ash of municipal-waste incineration.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This publication has been funded from the Anthropocene Priority Research Area budget under the program “Excellence Initiative – Research University” at the Jagiellonian University. The authors are grateful to dr hab. Anna Potysz from the University of Wroclaw for providing bacterial strains used in the experiment. The authors also thank Mr Piotr Rusiniak for ICP-MS analyses
METADATA IN OTHER LANGUAGES:
Polish
Bioługowanie z wykorzystaniem Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans – rozwiązanie dla odzyskiwania pierwiastków z wysokoalkalicznych popiołów ze spalani odpadów?
bioługowanie, Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans, popiół ze spalania osadów ściekowych, popiół ze spalania odpadów komunalnych, surowce odpadowe
Badania procesów bioługowania to analiza przenikania się bio- i antroposfery, w poszukiwaniu nowych sposobów na odzyskiwanie zasobów i pierwiastków. Granica tych sfer ma duży potencjał dla wdrażania modelu zrównoważonego rozwoju. Ze względu na fakt, że efektywne, tanie oraz proste metody odzyskiwania surowców mają rosnące znaczenie w gospodarce o obiegu zamkniętym, bioługowanie metali jest metodą, która obecnie cieszy się coraz większym zainteresowaniem. Jest to również proces istotny w kontekście neutralizacji surowców odpadowych umożliwiającej ich bezpieczne magazynowania i zastosowanie. W przeprowadzonym badaniu powszechnie występujące bakterie Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans, które są często używane w procesach bioługowania ze względu na fakt ich wysokiej tolerancji na metale ciężkie, zostały wykorzystane w 28-dniowym eksperymencie. Sposób i zmienność w czasie, w jaki bakterie zasiedlają osad po spalaniu, został zaobserwowany przy pomocy fluorescencyjnej mikroskopii optycznej i skaningowej mikroskopii elektronowej. Stężenie pierwiastków w osadach po spalaniu i w poreakcyjnych roztworach zostało zmierzone przy użyciu indukcyjnie sparowanej plazmowej spektrometrii mas, a efektywność odzyskiwania pierwiastków została obliczona na podstawie uzyskanych wyników. Popioły po spalaniu odpadów komunalnych oraz popioły lotne ze spalania osadów ściekowych zostały ujęte w eksperymencie. Stosunki ekstrakcji pierwiastków były dalekie od zadowalających ze średnią 20 oraz 50% dla popiołów po spalaniu odpadów komunalnych oraz popiołu z osadów ściekowych. Pozyskane wyniki są w zgodzie z obserwacjami dokonanymi przy pomocy mikroskopii, gdzie relatywna liczba bakterii wzrosła niewiele we wspomnianym czasie w przypadku popiołów ściekowych i była w zasadzie niedostrzegalna w przypadku popiołów dennych.
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| eISSN: | 2299-2324 |
| ISSN: | 0860-0953 |
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