Analysis of the possibilities of rare earth elements obtaining from coal and fly ash
1
Główny Instytut Górnictwa w Katowicach, Zakład Ochrony Terenów Poprzemysłowych i Gospodarki Odpadami, Katowice
2
Główny Instytut Górnictwa w Katowicach, Zakład Ochrony Terenów Poprzemysłowych i Gospodarki Odpadami, Katowice
Gospodarka Surowcami Mineralnymi – Mineral Resources Management 2013;29(1):67-80
KEYWORDS
ABSTRACT
Rare earth elements commonly called REE (Rare Earth Elements) it is a group of 15 Lanthanides, from lanthanum to luten, and yttrium, and scandium which have similar chemical properties. Rare earth elements are the materials considered by the European Union as one of a list of 14 critical raw materials of strategic importance for the development of new highly advanced technology.World production of shaped REE is currently at the level of 139 thousand Mg, and the main producer is China, which supplies about 93% of the global demand for rare earth materials. Considering the situation on the worldmarket of rare earth elements (REE) in recent years,many projects started to look for new sources of REE. This article discusses the importance of rare earths in the world economy. The main objective of this study was to determine the potential and forms of occurrence of rare earth elements in hard coals and waste from energy use of coal as an alternative source of acquisition. On the basis of literature overview and own research on selected samples of Polish hard coals and ash from power stations this work shows the content of rare earth elements in some coals and power plant fly ashes in Poland and around the world. The average content of coals REE in the world is 60 ppm while in researched Polish coals from the coal mine Jankowice REE is 77 ppm, for the other coals a lower content from 8 ppm to 40ppm was obtained. Moreover, the world’s perspective resources of these elements, which may become valuable resource in the next few years, are presented.
METADATA IN OTHER LANGUAGES:
Polish
Analiza możliwości pozyskania pierwiastków ziem rzadkich z węgli kamiennych i popiołów lotnych z elektrowni
metale ziem rzadkich, węgiel kamienny, popioły lotne
Pierwiastki ziem rzadkich nazywane powszechnie REE (Rare Earth Elements) to grupa 15 lantanowców od lantanu do lutenu, a także skand i itr, które charakteryzują się podobnymi właściwościami chemicznymi. Stanowią surowce uznane przez Unię Europejską za jedne z listy 14 surowców krytycznych, o znaczeniu strategicznym dla rozwoju nowoczesnych wysoko zawansowanych technologii. Światowe wydobycie REE kształtuje się aktualnie na poziomie 139 tys. Mg, a głównym producentem są Chiny, które dostarczają około 93% światowego zapotrzebowania na surowce ziem rzadkich. W związku z sytuacją na światowym rynku metali ziem rzadkich (REE), w ostatnich latach rozpoczęto wiele projektów w celu poszukiwania nowych źródeł REE. W artykule omówiono znaczenie ziem rzadkich w gospodarce światowej. Głównym celem pracy było określenie potencjału i form występowania pierwiastków ziem rzadkich w węglach kamiennych i odpadach z energetycznego wykorzystania węgla, jako alternatywnego źródła ich pozyskania. Na podstawie analizy literatury oraz przeprowadzonych badań własnych wytypowanych próbek polskich węgli kamiennych i popiołów z elektrowni, przedstawiono zawartości pierwiastków ziem rzadkich REE w wybranych węglach i popiołach lotnych z elektrowni na świecie i w Polsce. Średnia zawartość REE w węglach na świecie wynosi 60 ppm natomiast w badanych węglach polskich z KWK Jankowice REE wynosiła 77 ppm, dla pozostałych węgli uzyskano niższe zawartości od 8 do 40 ppm. Ponadto praca przedstawia perspektywiczne światowe zasoby tych pierwiastków, które mogą stać się ich cennym, alternatywnym źródłem w ciągu najbliższych lat.
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