ORIGINAL PAPER
Mineralogy characteristics, stability conditions, and formation pathways of synthetic pyrrhotite formed by heating pyrite at 700℃
1
Chengdu University of Technology
Submission date: 2022-09-22
Final revision date: 2022-12-01
Acceptance date: 2023-01-30
Publication date: 2023-03-22
Gospodarka Surowcami Mineralnymi – Mineral Resources Management 2023;39(1):23-34
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Pyrite is a sulfide mineral and is widely distributed in nature. Pyrite may transform into pyrrhotite when heated at high temperatures. In order to support processing engineering techniques and industrial applications of pyrite and pyrrhotite, it is necessary to investigate synthetic pyrrhotite, which is formed by heating pyrite in air, based on existing research. In this work, the mineralogical characteristics and stability conditions of synthetic pyrrhotite formed by heating pyrite at elevated temperatures were studied. The possible formation pathway was verified using a solid-phase reaction. X-ray-diffraction results revealed that synthetic pyrrhotite differs from natural pyrrhotite in the paragenetic association of minerals. Natural pyrrhotite and magnetite coexist in the natural pyrrhotite sample. Synthetic pyrrhotite formed by heating pyrite at 700℃ for 1 h has the paragenetic association with hematite and a small amount of pyrite and magnetite. All pyrrhotite samples were monoclinic pyrrhotite-4C (Fe7S8) and exhibit minimal differences in terms of lattice parameters. Synthetic pyrrhotite-4C was stable under 0.5–2 h of heating at 700℃ in air. It had the highest relative content by heating for 1 h. It was eventually transformed into hematite with heating periods exceeding 3 h, as was the case for pyrite and magnetite. In air, synthetic pyrrhotite-4C is mainly formed via two pathways: (1) pyrite → pyrrhotite-4C and (2) pyrite → magnetite → pyrrhotite-4C. Pathway (1) is more favorable than pathway (2). This transformation cannot be achieved by the reaction between hematite and sulfur.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41972039, 41572038) and Sichuan Science and Technology Program (2020YFS0391). The authors would like to thank the critical reviews and constructive remarks of the two anonymous reviewers.
METADATA IN OTHER LANGUAGES:
Polish
Charakterystyka mineralogiczna, warunki stabilności i ścieżki powstawania syntetycznego pirotynu utworzonego przez ogrzewanie pirytu w temperaturze 700℃
pirotyn syntetyczny, pirotyn, piryt, hematyt
Piryt jest minerałem siarczkowym szeroko rozpowszechnionym w przyrodzie. Piryt może przekształcić się w pirotyn podczas ogrzewania w wysokich temperaturach. W celu wsparcia technik inżynierii mineralnej i przemysłowego zastosowania pirytu i pirotynu, konieczne jest zbadanie syntetycznego pirotynu w oparciu o istniejące badania, który powstaje w wyniku ogrzewania pirytu w powietrzu. W pracy zbadano właściwości mineralogiczne i warunki trwałości syntetycznego pirotynu powstałego w wyniku ogrzewania pirytu w podwyższonej temperaturze. Możliwą ścieżkę powstawania zweryfikowano za pomocą reakcji w fazie stałej. Wyniki dyfrakcji rentgenowskiej ujawniły, że syntetyczny pirotyn różni się od naturalnego pirotynu w paragenetycznych asocjacjach minerałów. Naturalny pirotyn i magnetyt współistnieją w próbce naturalnego pirotynu. Syntetyczny pirotyn powstały w wyniku ogrzewania pirytu w temperaturze 700℃ przez 1 godz. wykazuje asocjację paragenetyczną z hematytem oraz niewielką ilością pirytu i magnetytu. Wszystkie próbki pirotynu były jednoskośnym pirotynem-4C (Fe7S8) i wykazują minimalne różnice pod względem parametrów sieci. Syntetyczny pirotyn-4C był stabilny w czasie 0,5–2 godzin ogrzewania w powietrzu w temperaturze 700℃. Najwyższą względną zawartość miał po ogrzewaniu przez 1 godzinę. Ostatecznie został przekształcony w hematyt z okresami ogrzewania przekraczającymi 3 godziny, podobnie jak w przypadku pirytu i magnetytu. W powietrzu syntetyczny pirotyn-4C powstaje głównie dwoma metodami: (1) piryt → pirotyn-4C i (2) piryt → magnetyt → pirotyn-4C. Ścieżka (1) jest korzystniejsza niż ścieżka (2). Tej przemiany nie można osiągnąć w reakcji hematytu z siarką.
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