ORIGINAL PAPER
The assessment of heavy metal binding forms in foundry wastes used as raw materials in agrotechnics, construction and road construction
1
Opole University of Technology
Submission date: 2022-02-02
Final revision date: 2022-02-27
Acceptance date: 2022-02-28
Publication date: 2022-06-28
Gospodarka Surowcami Mineralnymi – Mineral Resources Management 2022;38(2):169-189
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
Effective mineral deposits exploitationUtilization of recycled mineral raw materials and substitutes
ABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to evaluate foundry waste used for various applications in terms of heavy metals quantity of fractions of their binding. The novelty of these studies is the use of speciation procedures to assess the fraction of heavy metals in foundry waste. The two most popular speciation procedures, the Tessier method and the SM&T, and also the TCLP single extraction procedure were used to evaluate the use of foundry waste in agritechnique, road engineering and construction in this research. Additionally, local soils were analyzed and compared to landfill foundry waste (LFW). It was found that LFW may have a negative impact on the natural environment when used for agrotechnological applications due to the increased concentration of mobile and bioavailable fractions (mean 9–18%) of metals. Foundry dusts were characterized by a low percentage of mobile and bioavailable (mean 2–6%) forms, although this does not include electric arc fournance dust (EAFD) (mean 17%). The metal content in TCLP extracts was low in all foundry waste samples and allowed the use of the analyzed wastes in construction and road construction. The usefulness of both speciation procedures for the assessment of the leaching of heavy metal forms from foundry waste was confirmed. However, the SM&T procedure was more effective in leaching mobile and bioavailable forms of heavy metals in foundry waste and soil samples.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This study was supported by Opole University of Technology from funds for statutory research.
METADATA IN OTHER LANGUAGES:
Polish
Ocena form wiĄzania metali ciężkich w odpadach odlewniczych stosowanych jako surowce w agrotechnice, budownictwie i drogownictwie
metale ciężkie, specjacja, odpady odlewnicze, gleby
Celem pracy była ocena zawartości frakcji związania metali ciężkich w odpadach odlewniczych wykorzystywanych do różnych zastosowań. Nowością tych badań jest wykorzystanie procedur specjacyjnych do oceny udziału form metali ciężkich w odpadach odlewniczych. Do badań wykorzystano dwie najpopularniejsze procedury specjacyjne, metodę Tessiera oraz SM&T, a także procedurę jednoetapowej ekstrakcji TCLP, do oceny wykorzystania odpadów odlewniczych w agrotechnice, drogownictwie i budownictwie. Dodatkowo przeanalizowano lokalne gleby i porównano je ze składowanymi odpadami odlewniczymi (LFW). Stwierdzono, że LFW mogą mieć negatywny wpływ na środowisko naturalne podczas zastosowań agrotechnicznych ze względu na zwiększoną koncentrację frakcji mobilnych i biodostępnych (średnio 9–18%) metali. Pyły odlewnicze charakteryzowały się niskim udziałem form mobilnych i biodostępnych (średnio 2–6%), z wyjątkiem pyłu z elektrycznych pieców łukowych (EAFD) (średnio 17%). Zawartość metali w ekstraktach TCLP była niska we wszystkich próbkach odpadów odlewniczych, co pozwala na wykorzystanie analizowanych odpadów w budownictwie i drogownictwie. W pracy potwierdzono przydatność obu procedur specjacyjnych do oceny ługowania form metali ciężkich z odpadów odlewniczych. Jednakże stwierdzono lepszą skuteczność procedury SM&T w zakresie wymywania mobilnych i biodostępnych form metali ciężkich zarówno dla odpadów odlewniczych, jak i gleby.
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