ORIGINAL PAPER
The development and utilization of bauxite resources in the Guizhou Province and relevant challenges to the ecology and the environment
1
College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025, China
2
Natural Resources Survey and Planning Institute, Guizhou Province.Guiyang 550004, China
3
Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guiyang 550025, China
Submission date: 2022-03-27
Final revision date: 2022-06-07
Acceptance date: 2022-06-16
Publication date: 2022-06-28
Corresponding author
Gospodarka Surowcami Mineralnymi – Mineral Resources Management 2022;38(2):5-30
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
Scientific background of mineral resource managementImpact of mineral raw materials industries on the environment
ABSTRACT
The environmental problems caused by the development and utilization of mineral resources have become important factors affecting ecological security. Guizhou is a Chinese province with relatively developed paleoweathered sedimentary bauxite deposits, abundant resource reserves, and a long history of mining. And, the demand for bauxite in Guizhou is expected to continue to grow. However, long-term or unreasonable resource development has produced a series of prominent environmental problems, such as the occupation and destruction of land resources and heavy metal pollution in soil and water bodies. Based on the existing research results in China and abroad, this paper analyzes the current situation, distribution characteristics, and development and utilization of bauxite resources in Guizhou to explain the corresponding environmental impacts. The results show that because of the many types and high concentrations of associated elements in bauxite and the high alkalinity, heavy metal components, and radioactive elements in red mud, the development and utilization of bauxite resources are associated with higher environmental risk. And more impact of bauxite mining on regional biodiversity, soil, air, surface water, and groundwater need to be evaluated. This paper also proposes coping strategies or countermeasures of environmental governance and control to achieve the green, sustainable and high-quality development of bauxite-related industries for meeting future environmental requirements.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This work was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, Project of Karst Scientific Research Centre of the People’s Government of Guizhou Province (U1612442), the High-Level Talent Training Program in Guizhou ([2016]5664).
METADATA IN OTHER LANGUAGES:
Polish
Rozwój i wykorzystanie zasobów boksytu w prowincji Guizhou oraz istotne wyzwania dla ekologii i środowiska
Guizhou, boksyt, rozwój i wykorzystanie, środowisko ekologiczne, środki zaradcze
Problemy środowiskowe spowodowane zagospodarowaniem i wykorzystaniem surowców mineralnych stały się ważnymi czynnikami wpływającymi na bezpieczeństwo ekologiczne. Guizhou to chińska prowincja ze względnie rozwiniętymi osadowymi złożami boksytu, bogatymi rezerwami surowców i długą historią wydobycia. Oczekuje się, że popyt na boksyt w Guizhou będzie nadal rósł. Jednak długoterminowy lub nieracjonalny rozwój wykorzystania zasobów spowodował szereg znaczących problemów środowiskowych, takich jak: zajmowanie i niszczenie zasobów ziemi oraz zanieczyszczenie metalami ciężkimi gleby i zbiorników wodnych. W oparciu o istniejące wyniki badań w Chinach i za granicą, w artykule dokonano analizy obecnej sytuacji, charakterystyki dystrybucji oraz rozwoju i wykorzystania zasobów boksytu w Guizhou, w celu wyjaśnienia odpowiedniego wpływu na środowisko. Wyniki pokazują, że ze względu na wiele rodzajów i wysoką koncentrację towarzyszących pierwiastków w boksycie oraz wysoką alkaliczność, składniki metali ciężkich i pierwiastki radioaktywne w czerwonym szlamie, rozwój i wykorzystanie zasobów boksytu wiążą się z wyższym ryzykiem dla środowiska. Ponadto należy ocenić większy wpływ wydobycia boksytu na regionalną bioróżnorodność, glebę, powietrze, wody powierzchniowe i gruntowe. Niniejsza praca proponuje również strategie radzenia sobie lub środki zaradcze zarządzania i kontroli środowiska w celu osiągnięcia ekologicznego, zrównoważonego i wysokiej jakości rozwoju przemysłu związanego z boksytem dla spełnienia przyszłych wymagań środowiskowych.
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