Advances in reducing large volumes of environmentally harmful mine waste rocks and tailings
Gospodarka Surowcami Mineralnymi – Mineral Resources Management 2011;27(2):89-112
KEYWORDS
ABSTRACT
A large amount of solid and liquid wastes produced by mines and mills each year needs to be managed and minimized by alternative disposal methods like paste and dry stack. Increasingly strict environmental legislation and cost competitiveness also dictate the utilization of technically suitable, economically viable, environmentally acceptable, and socially responsible techniques. This paper reviews some of these techniques that could potentially reduce large volumes of mine wastes (with a focus on mine tailings and waste rocks) without causing significant environmental hazards. The new emerging techniques such as environmental desulphurization, covers built with sulphide-free tailings, co-disposal of tailings and waste rocks, geotextile tube dewatering, and use of tailings in the cement production and road construction for both industrial and environmental purposes are discussed in terms of waste minimization. The existing methods and approaches for efficient waste treatment and disposal are also discussed in this review paper.
METADATA IN OTHER LANGUAGES:
Polish
Postępy w redukcji objętości szkodliwych dla środowiska odpadów górniczych i przeróbczych
odpady górnicze, skała płonna, minimalizacja ilości odpadów, zagrożenia dla środowiska, nowoczesne metody
Duża ilość stałych i ciekłych odpadów produkowanych przez kopalnie i zakłady przemysłowe każdego roku powinna zostać zutylizowana i zminimalizowana przez zastosowanie alternatywnych metod składowania, jak na przykład zagęszczanie czy suszenie. Coraz bardziej restrykcyjne ustawodawstwo dotyczące ochrony środowiska oraz kwestia konkurencyjności nakazują z kolei zastosowanie odpowiednich technicznie, rentownych, przyjaznych dla środowiska, jak i odpowiedzialnych społecznie rozwiązań. Praca przedstawia wybrane technologie, które mogą potencjalnie zredukować duże objętości odpadów (w tym odpadów górniczych i skały płonnej) nie tworząc znaczącego zagrożenia dla środowiska. Nowe technologie, takie jak odsiarczanie, zabudowa zwałowisk odsiarczonych odpadów, wspólne składowanie odpadów przeróbczych i skał odpadowych, geowłókninowe rury odwadniające oraz użycie odpadów w produkcji cementu i do budowy dróg - co jest korzystne zarówno dla przemysłu jak i środowiska - są omawiane pod kątem minimalizacji ilości odpadów. Omówione zostały także stosowane obecnie metody i sposoby efektywnego unieszkodliwiania i składowania odpadów.
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