ORIGINAL PAPER
Geochemical characteristics of fine bituminous coal from the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (Poland) and its potentially furnace waste
1
Uniwersytet Śląski
2
Główny Instytut Górnictwa w Katowicach
Submission date: 2019-01-14
Final revision date: 2019-03-07
Acceptance date: 2019-06-28
Publication date: 2019-06-28
Gospodarka Surowcami Mineralnymi – Mineral Resources Management 2019;35(2):49-68
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
Preparation and processing of mineral raw materialsWaste management from extractive industriesRational use of mineral raw materials
ABSTRACT
The research involved coal from 11 coal mines in the USCB in Poland, intended for combustion
in power plants and for home furnaces. It has been stated that the content of As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mo,
Ni, Pb, Sb and Zn in the ash of coal fines from the USCB with a density of <1.30 × 103 kg/m3 is the
largest, and in the ash fraction with a density >2.00 × 103 kg/m3 is the smallest The fraction ash of coal fine with a density> 2.00 × 103 kg/m3 has the greatest impact on the content of As, Cd, Co, Cr, Mo, Pb
and Zn in whole coal fines from the USCB. In turn, the largest impact on the content of Cu, Ni and Sb
in whole fine coal ash has the fraction of coal fine having a density of 1.60–2.00 × 103 kg/m3 (for Cu)
and fraction with a density <1.35 × 103 kg/m3 (Ni and Sb). The main carriers of elements in fine coal
ash, thus in future furnace waste, are the grains of aluminosilicates and iron oxides resulting from
the combustion of probably fusinite and semifusinite and the combustion of adhesions of these macerals
with dolomite, ankerite and pyrite. The purification of fine coal from the matter with a density
>2.00 × 103 kg/m3 may reduce the sulfur content (by 40%), the content of main element oxides (from
33% to 85%) and the content of ecotoxic elements (from 7% to 59%) in fine coal ash, i.e. in potential
furnace wastes. Due to the small content of mineral matter, ash and sulfur in coal, small content of Al,
Fe, Ca, Mg, Na, K, P oxides and high content of SiO2 in coal ash, low value of the Rogi sinterability
index, small inclination of coal fine to slag the furnaces and boiler fouling by sludge, the investigated
coal was favorable for technological reasons, fuel in power plants and for home furnaces
METADATA IN OTHER LANGUAGES:
Polish
Geochemiczna charakterystyka miału węgla kamiennego z Górnośląskiego Zagłębia Węglowego (Polska) i jego potencjalnych odpadów paleniskowych
pierwiastki śladowe, miał węgla, odpady paleniskowe, GZW
Badaniom poddano miał węgla z 11 kopalń w GZW, przeznaczony do spalania w zakładach energetycznych.
Stwierdzono, że w popiele frakcji miału węgla z USCB o gęstości <1,30 × 103 kg/m3
jest największa, a w popiele frakcji o gęstości >2,00 × 103 kg/m3 jest najmniejsza zawartość As, Cd,
Co, Cr, Cu, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb i Zn. Popiół frakcji miału węgla o gęstości >2,00 × 103 kg/m3 ma
największy wpływ na zawartość As, Cd, Co, Cr, Mo, Pb i Zn w popiele miału węgla z USCB. Z kolei
największy wpływ na zawartość Cu, Ni i Sb w popiele miału węgla ma frakcja miału węgla o gęstości
1,60–2,00 × 103 kg/m3 (dotyczy Cu) i frakcja o gęstości <1,35 × 103 kg/m3 (Ni i Sb). Głównymi
nośnikami pierwiastków w popiele miału węgla, a zatem i w przyszłych odpadach paleniskowych,
są ziarna glinokrzemianów i tlenków żelaza powstałe w wyniku spalenia prawdopodobnie fuzynitu
i semifuzynitu oraz spalenia zrostów tych macerałów z dolomitem, ankerytem i pirytem. Ze względu
na ponadprzeciętną zawartość Pb i Zn, popiół miału węgla z USCB może okazać się uciążliwy dla
środowiska. Oczyszczenie miału węgla z materii o gęstości > 2.00 × 103 kg/m3 może zmniejszyć
zawartość siarki (o 40%), zawartość tlenków głównych pierwiastków (od 33% do 85%) i zawartości
ekotoksycznych pierwiastków (od 7% do 59%) w popiele miału węgla, czyli w potencjalnych odpadach
paleniskowych. Ze względu na małą zawartość substancji mineralnej, popiołu i siarki w miale
węgla, małą zawartość tlenków Al, Fe, Ca, Mg, Na, K, P i dużą zawartość SiO2 w popiele węgla,
małą wartość indeksu spiekalności Rogi, małą skłonność miału węgla do żużlowania palenisk i zanieczyszczania
kotłów osadem, badane miały węgla są korzystnym, ze względów technologicznych,
paliwem w zakładach energetycznych i dla palenisk domowych.
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